Battery Fire Test Chamber Yuelian YL-HS-01

Overview

The Yuelian YL-HS-01 Battery External Fire Test Chamber is an engineered safety validation system designed to perform standardized external fire exposure testing on electric vehicle (EV) traction battery packs and energy storage systems (ESS). It implements the thermal boundary conditions specified in UN GTR No. 20, ISO 12405-2, GB/T 31467.3, and SAE J2464 Annex B, simulating real-world under-vehicle fire scenarios where a battery enclosure is subjected to direct hydrocarbon flame impingement. The chamber utilizes controlled open-flame combustion of gasoline over a water-submerged stainless steel pan to generate reproducible heat flux profiles—approximately 50–70 kW/m² at specimen surface level—enabling quantitative assessment of thermal runaway propagation resistance, structural integrity retention, and post-fire containment behavior. Its modular steel architecture supports full-scale battery modules up to 3 m in length, with precision servo-driven positioning ensuring repeatable flame-to-specimen geometry per test cycle.

Key Features

• Modular high-strength steel enclosure with fire-rated insulation cladding and reinforced C-channel support frame for long-term structural stability under thermal cycling.
• Motorized, programmable specimen positioning stage with ±5 mm vertical/horizontal resolution, enabling precise alignment of battery bottom surface relative to fuel pan height (adjustable from 50 cm or vehicle ride-height equivalent).
• 316L stainless steel fuel pan with integrated water reservoir (300 L capacity), designed to maintain stable vaporization dynamics and prevent pan warping during sustained combustion.
• Dual-stage fire suppression: primary mechanical steel lid actuation (≤2 s deployment) followed by optional CO₂ injection port for rapid post-quench cooling and oxygen displacement.
• Industrial-grade 10.1″ touchscreen HMI synchronized with Windows-based PC software for test sequence programming, real-time thermal monitoring, event logging, and audit-trail generation compliant with GLP/GMP documentation requirements.
• Comprehensive safety interlock suite including earth-leakage circuit breakers, infrared thermal anomaly detection (≥150 °C threshold), and redundant audible/visual alarm activation upon parameter deviation.

Sample Compatibility & Compliance

The YL-HS-01 accommodates battery enclosures conforming to EV platform architectures—including pouch, prismatic, and cylindrical cell configurations—within its 3000 × 1000 × 3000 mm internal envelope. Specimens are mounted on a load-rated stainless steel cradle with adjustable support points to replicate OEM mounting stiffness and grounding continuity. The system satisfies functional equivalence to the test conditions mandated by ISO 12405-2 Clause 7.3.4 (External Fire Exposure), UN GTR No. 20 Annex 5, and GB/T 31467.3–2015 Section 7.5. All hardware interfaces and control logic are designed to support traceable calibration per ISO/IEC 17025 requirements, with built-in timestamped event logs suitable for regulatory submission packages.

Software & Data Management

Test execution is managed via Yuelian’s proprietary FireTest Suite v3.2, a deterministic real-time application supporting pre-defined test protocols (e.g., 70 s direct flame + 60 s covered phase) and user-customizable duration parameters. The software captures synchronized timestamps for ignition, pan positioning, lid closure, and extinguishment events, generating CSV- and PDF-formatted reports with digital signatures. Audit trails include operator ID, parameter set version, firmware revision, and environmental sensor readings (ambient temperature/humidity). Data export complies with FDA 21 CFR Part 11 electronic record requirements when configured with PKI-based user authentication and role-based access control.

Applications

• Validation of battery pack housing materials against flame penetration and thermal deformation under standardized hydrocarbon fire exposure.
• Verification of thermal barrier effectiveness and venting system performance during sustained external heating.
• Supporting FMVSS No. 305 and ECE R100 compliance testing for OEM battery safety certification dossiers.
• Research into fire propagation thresholds across different cell chemistries (LFP, NMC, NCA) and module-level packaging designs.
• Post-test forensic analysis of housing integrity, seal degradation, and electrical isolation loss using standardized visual and dielectric withstand protocols.

FAQ

What standards does the YL-HS-01 specifically support?
It is configured to meet the geometric, timing, and procedural requirements of ISO 12405-2, UN GTR No. 20, GB/T 31467.3, and SAE J2464 Annex B.
Is remote ignition mandatory?
Yes—the system requires ≥3 m minimum standoff distance for ignition to ensure operator safety and eliminate flame flashback risk during startup.
Can the fuel pan be repositioned without moving the specimen?
No; the servo-driven stage moves either the pan or the specimen mount depending on dimensional constraints, maintaining fixed relative geometry as required by test standards.
Does the system include gas analysis capability?
No—combustion gas monitoring (e.g., CO, HF, VOCs) requires externally interfaced analyzers; the YL-HS-01 provides standardized flange ports and power/data interfaces for third-party integration.
What maintenance intervals are recommended for the servo drive and thermal sensors?
Servo motor lubrication and encoder calibration every 500 operational hours; IR sensor verification with NIST-traceable blackbody source annually or after 100 test cycles.