Common Laboratory Equipment
Filter
Showing 1441–1470 of 5094 results
| Brand | CHEMn |
|---|---|
| Origin | Anhui, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Origin Category | Domestic (China) |
| Model | KMPMS-10L-310-A |
| Price Range | USD 1,150 – 2,150 |
| Brand | Chemn |
|---|---|
| Origin | Anhui, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Country of Origin | China |
| Model | KMRA-8-NS100-C276-3G |
| Reactor Volume | 100 mL |
| Maximum Operating Pressure | 10 MPa |
| Design Temperature | 260 °C |
| Vessel Material | Hastelloy C-276 |
| Stirring | Magnetic Stirring or Magnetically Coupled Mechanical Stirring |
| Heating Method | Electric Heating or Integrated Jacket (High-Low Temperature) |
| Vacuum Level | ≤10 MPa (gauge, system-rated) |
| Gas Channels | 3 Process Gases + 1 Vacuum Line (expandable to 8) |
| Parallel Stations | 8 (configurable 1–12) |
| Overall Dimensions (8-station) | 2200 × 1850 × 2180 mm (L×W×H) |
| Weight (8-station) | ~1200 kg |
| Compliance | Designed per ASME BPVC Section VIII Div. 1 & ISO 4777 for high-pressure reactor systems |
| Software Control | Integrated PLC + HMI with audit trail and user-level access control |
| Brand | Chemn |
|---|---|
| Origin | Anhui, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Origin Category | Domestic (China) |
| Model | MSI-16 |
| Instrument Category | High-Pressure Reaction Vessel |
| Vessel Material | 316L Stainless Steel (standard), Hastelloy C-276 (optional) |
| Working Pressure | Up to 35 MPa (optional), 20 MPa (standard for 25–100 mL), 10 MPa (standard for 300–500 mL) |
| Volume Options | 25 mL, 50 mL, 100 mL, 300 mL, 500 mL |
| Operating Temperature Range | Ambient to 550 °C (standard configuration: up to 300 °C) |
| Stirring Speed | 100–1200 rpm (100–600 rpm above 350 °C) |
| Heating Method | Embedded stainless-steel heating module |
| Stirring Mechanism | High-torque magnetic coupling or internal magnetic stir bar |
| Pressure Sensing | MEAS or ISE pressure transducers |
| Control Interface | 10-inch high-resolution capacitive touchscreen with real-time display of temperature, pressure, stirring speed, and elapsed time |
| Data Export | USB port for CSV log export (temperature, pressure, rpm, timestamp) |
| Safety Features | Over-temperature automatic power cutoff, over-pressure audible alarm, tongue-and-groove sealing structure, monolithic machined body |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 1050 × 600 × 650 mm |
| Compliance | Designed per ASME BPVC Section VIII Div. 1 guidelines for pressure containment |
| Brand | Chemn |
|---|---|
| Origin | Anhui, China |
| Model | NS6-20D-SS1-P3-T2 |
| Vessel Capacity | 10 mL & 20 mL per station |
| Design Pressure | 10 MPa (100 bar) |
| Design Temperature | 200 °C |
| Construction Material | 316L Stainless Steel & Hastelloy C-276 |
| Heating Method | Embedded Aluminum Sleeve Heater |
| Stirring Mechanism | Magnetic Stirring |
| Speed Range | 100–1200 rpm |
| Control Interface | 7-inch HD Touchscreen with PID Temperature Control & Stepless Speed Regulation |
| Pressure Monitoring | Yaskawa (USA) Pressure Gauge (optional pressure transmitter) |
| Safety Valves | Fitok (USA) Relief Valve & Rupture Disc |
| Gas Inlet/Outlet Valves | Swagelok (USA) Needle Valves |
| Power Supply | 200–240 V AC, 50–60 Hz |
| Controller Dimensions | 260 × 470 × 260 mm (L×D×H) |
| Brand | CHEMn |
|---|---|
| Model | NSG |
| Origin | Anhui, China |
| Reactor Volume Options | 10, 25, 50, 100, 300, 500, 1000 mL |
| Design Temperature | 500 °C (Standard Heating up to 300 °C) |
| Maximum Working Pressure | 35 MPa (Optional) |
| Standard | 20 MPa (for 25–100 mL), 10 MPa (for 300–1000 mL) |
| Construction Material | 316L Stainless Steel or Hastelloy C-276 (Optional) |
| Stirring Speed Range | 100–1200 rpm |
| Heating Method | Embedded Stainless Steel Heating Module |
| Heating Power | 1 kW |
| Vacuum Capability | Up to 35 MPa (Note: This value reflects maximum rated pressure |
| assumed typo — corrected to “Rated Pressure | 35 MPa”) |
| Control Interface | 7-inch capacitive touchscreen |
| Data Export | USB-based real-time logging and report generation |
| Safety Systems | Dual-pressure protection (Fitok needle valves, certified safety valve + custom rupture disc), over-temperature cutoff, over-pressure audible alarm |
| Sealing | Tongue-and-groove main seal |
| Stirring Mechanism | Internal magnetic stir bar (PTFE-, glass-, or metal-core options available) |
| Key | Brand: Chemn Instruments |
|---|---|
| Origin | Anhui, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Product Origin | Domestic (PRC) |
| Models | KGD1-6 / KGD2-6 / KGD3-9 |
| Price Range | USD 1,400 – 7,200 (FOB) |
| Temperature Range | −25 °C to +350 °C |
| Cooling Capacity | 3–6 kW |
| Heating Power | 6–9 kW |
| Pump Flow Rate | 15–42 L/min |
| Max Head | 28 m |
| Expansion Volume | 8–15 L |
| Control Accuracy | ±0.1 °C |
| Interface | RS-485, USB |
| Display | 7-inch TFT color touchscreen |
| Protection | Overtemperature (bath & reactor), overcurrent, high-pressure refrigerant, startup delay |
| Brand | CHEMn |
|---|---|
| Origin | Anhui, China |
| Model | TFD-1200-50-II-200-RZ |
| Max Temperature | 1200 °C |
| Temperature Control Accuracy | ±1 °C |
| Max Power | 1.5 kW |
| Heating Rate (to Max Temp) | ≤10 °C/min |
| Heating Method | Resistance Wire Heating |
| Chamber Configuration | Dual Independent Temperature Zones (ΔT ≤ 200 °C) |
| Internal Dimensions | Customizable |
| Instrument Type | Vertical Lift-Type TGA Furnace |
| Core Function | High-Temperature Atmosphere-Controlled Mass Change Monitoring |
| Brand | CHEMn |
|---|---|
| Origin | Anhui, China |
| Model | TFG-1200-100-II-300 |
| Max. Operating Temperature | 1200 °C |
| Max. Working Pressure | 100 kPa (gauge) |
| Catalyst Loading Capacity | Customizable |
| Compliance | Designed for laboratory-scale catalyst activation under controlled atmospheres |
| Brand | Chemn |
|---|---|
| Origin | Anhui, China |
| Model | TFG-1200-50-220 |
| Instrument Type | Vertical Tube Furnace |
| Max. Temperature | 1100 °C |
| Temperature Control Accuracy | ±1 °C |
| Max. Power | 2.0 kW |
| Heating Rate (to Max Temp) | ≤10 °C/min |
| Heating Method | Resistance Wire |
| Internal Chamber Dimensions | 660 × 320 × 580 mm |
| Tube Diameter | 30 mm |
| Sample Boat Capacity | 10 mL (customizable) |
| Heating Zone Length | 220 mm |
| Mass Flow Range (Rotameter) | 30–200 mL/min (customizable) |
| Control System | Dual-Channel Intelligent Programmable Controller with Color Touchscreen |
| Power Supply | AC 220 V, 50/60 Hz |
| Weight | 35 kg |
| Brand | Chemn |
|---|---|
| Origin | Anhui, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Country of Origin | China |
| Model | TFH-1200-30-220 |
| Instrument Type | Horizontal Tube Furnace |
| Max Temperature | 1200 °C (short-term), 1100 °C (rated) |
| Temperature Control Accuracy | ±1 °C |
| Max Power | 1.5 kW |
| Heating Rate (to max temp) | ≤10 °C/min |
| Heating Method | Resistance Wire (HRE alloy, supplied by Shougang Beijing) |
| Chamber Dimensions | Φ80 × 220 mm |
| Hot Zone Length | 220 mm |
| Uniform Temperature Zone Length | 60–80 mm |
| Tube Compatibility | Φ30 mm or Φ50 mm × 500 mm quartz/ceramic tubes |
| External Dimensions | 340 × 320 × 380 mm |
| Net Weight | 16 kg |
| Cooling | Forced-air dual-shell system |
| Surface Temp (at 1100 °C operation) | <60 °C |
| Atmosphere Options | Air, inert (N₂, Ar), reducing (H₂/N₂), vacuum (with optional pump) |
| Temperature Programming | 30-segment ramp/soak profiles |
| Brand | CHEMn |
|---|---|
| Origin | Anhui, China |
| Model | TFH-1200-50-III-200 |
| Maximum Temperature | 1200 °C (short-term) |
| Rated Operating Temperature | 1100 °C |
| Temperature Control Accuracy | ±1 °C |
| Heating Zones | 3 independent zones (each 200 mm) |
| Uniform Temperature Zone Length | 400 mm |
| Tube Dimensions | Φ50 mm (OD) × 1000 mm (L) |
| Chamber Internal Dimensions | 1350 × 420 × 520 mm |
| Max. Power Consumption | 6 kW |
| Ramp Rate to Max Temp | ≤10 °C/min |
| Heating Element | HRE resistance wire (Shougang, Beijing) |
| Insulation Material | High-purity alumina microcrystalline fiber, vacuum-formed |
| Cooling System | Dual-layer forced-air cooling |
| Surface Temperature | ≤60 °C |
| Control System | Yudian AI-3756P 7-inch color touchscreen controller with 30-segment programmable ramp-soak profiles |
| Temperature Sensor | K-type thermocouple |
| Atmosphere Compatibility | Vacuum and inert/reducing/reactive gas environments (via quartz tube + stainless steel flanges) |
| Data Interface | USB port for real-time data logging and export |
| Brand | Chemn |
|---|---|
| Origin | Anhui, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Product Category | Domestic |
| Model | Chemn Multi-Functional Benchtop Continuous Flow Reactor / Fixed-Bed Reactor (Window-Type, Customizable) |
| Price Range | USD 11,200 – 28,000 (based on configuration) |
| Catalyst Bed Volume | 0.5–5 mL |
| Max Design Temperature | 800 °C |
| Max Design Pressure | 100 bar |
| Gas/Liquid Feed Channels | 1–4 (configurable) |
| Gas MFC Accuracy | ±1.5% FS, Repeatability: ±0.2% FS |
| High-Pressure Liquid Pump Range | 0–10 mL/min, Max Outlet Pressure: 42 MPa, Control Precision: ±1% |
| System Dimensions (W×D×H) | ~650×1000×900 mm |
| Weight | ~180 kg |
| Control System | Siemens S7-1200 PLC + 10.2″ MCGS HMI |
| Power Supply | 200–240 V AC, 50–60 Hz |
| Reactor Materials | 316L SS, Hastelloy C-276, Inconel 600 (customer-specified) |
| Brand | CHEMSPEED |
|---|---|
| Origin | Switzerland |
| Model | CRYSTAL POWDERDOSE |
| Weighing Resolution | 10 µg |
| Weighing Range | 1 mg – 20 g |
| Sample Vial Capacity | 7 × 30 mL storage vessels |
| Footprint | 45 cm × 54 cm × 92 cm |
| Dosing Modes | Single-to-Single, Multi-to-Single, Multi-to-Multi |
| Brand | CHEMSPEED |
|---|---|
| Origin | Switzerland |
| Model | CRYSTAL SWILE |
| Weighing Resolution | 10 µg |
| Weighing Range | 0.1 mg – 5 mg |
| Sample Vials | 5 integrated storage vessels |
| Dispensing Tip | Disposable SWIN glass capillary |
| Platform Dimensions | 45 cm × 54 cm × 92 cm |
| Brand | CHEMSPEED |
|---|---|
| Origin | Switzerland |
| Model | FLEX EP |
| Batch Capacity | 15 × 2 L (with optional 0.5 L and 1 L volumetric flasks) |
| Volumetric Accuracy | Automated final volume adjustment to flask neck |
| Solid Dispensing Accuracy | ±0.1 mg |
| Liquid Dispensing Accuracy | ±0.4 mL |
| pH Control Range | 1.0–13.0 |
| Regulatory Compliance | Fully compliant with GMP and FDA 21 CFR Part 11 requirements |
| Integration | Native LIMS connectivity via ASTM E1578-compliant interface |
| Brand | CHEMSPEED |
|---|---|
| Origin | Switzerland |
| Model | FLEX ISYNTH |
| Temperature Range | –20 °C to +150 °C |
| Reaction Volume Capacity | microscale to milliliter scale |
| Parallel Reaction Capacity | up to 96 reactions per run |
| Footprint | 90 cm × 90 cm |
| Brand | CHEMSPEED |
|---|---|
| Origin | Switzerland |
| Model | FLEX QuEChERS |
| Sample Capacity | Up to 120 samples in 10 hours |
| Vessel Compatibility | 15 mL and 50 mL Falcon tubes |
| Automation Scope | Gravimetric salt dispensing, volumetric liquid dispensing, automated centrifugation, orbital shaking |
| Compliance | Designed for GLP/GMP-aligned workflows |
| Software | Integrated Chemspeed SWING® platform with audit trail and method versioning |
| Brand | Chemspeed |
|---|---|
| Origin | Switzerland |
| Model | ISYNTH AI |
| Configuration | Fully Integrated Benchtop Synthesis Platform with Inert Atmosphere & Top-Loading Precision Dispensing |
| Compliance | Designed for GLP/GMP-Ready Lab Environments |
| Software | Chemspeed AutoSuite v5.2 (FDA 21 CFR Part 11 Compliant Audit Trail, Electronic Signatures) |
| Brand | CHEMSPEED |
|---|---|
| Origin | Switzerland |
| Model | SWAVE |
| Type | Fully Automated Microwave Synthesis Platform |
| Microwave Mode | Single-Mode Cavity |
| Automation Level | End-to-End Reaction Workflow Automation |
| Gas Environment | Inert Atmosphere (N₂/Ar) Compatible |
| Solid Dispensing | Top-Mount Precision Solid Dosage Unit |
| Liquid Handling | Multi-channel Programmable Liquid Handler |
| Vessel Transfer | Robotic Arm with Microwave Cavity Integration |
| Expandability | Integrated SPE, Filtration, and Online HPLC/GC Coupling Interfaces |
| Compliance | Designed for GLP/GMP-Like Laboratory Environments |
| Brand | ChemTron |
|---|---|
| Origin | Germany |
| Model | FID FLAT NM |
| Hydrogen Generation Principle | PEM Electrolysis of Deionized Water |
| Output Flow Rate | 100–1350 mL/min |
| Output Pressure | 11 bar (160 psig) |
| Hydrogen Purity | 99.99996% |
| Water Reservoir Capacity | 7 L |
| Internal Gas Volume | <50 mL |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 690 × 680 × 150 mm |
| Weight | 41–45 kg |
| Power Consumption | 90–450 W |
| Operating Environment | 15–40 °C, 0–80% RH (non-condensing) |
| Certifications | CE, CSA, FCC |
| Display | 128×64-pixel LCD with tactile buttons |
| Noise Level | ≤46 dB(A) |
| Max Load Capacity | 80 kg |
| Gas Outlet | 1/8" Swagelock |
| Water Resistivity Requirement | ≥5 MΩ·cm (min. 1 MΩ·cm acceptable) |
| Brand | ChemTron |
|---|---|
| Origin | Germany |
| Compression Principle | Piston-Type |
| Flow Rate | 0–40 L/min |
| Maximum Pressure | 0–9.5 bar |
| Dew Point | ≤3 °C (standard operation), down to –15 °C with integrated dryer |
| Particle Filtration | ≤0.01 µm (0.01 micrometer) |
| Oil & Water Content | Oil-free, <0.1 ppm total hydrocarbons |
| Tank Material | Stainless Steel (AISI 304) |
| Noise Level | 63 dB(A) |
| Power | 600 W |
| Tank Volume | 40 L |
| Dimensions (L×W×H) | 640 × 470 × 720 mm |
| Weight | 72 kg |
| Safety Compliance | Spring-loaded pressure relief valve (activates at >10 bar), thermal cut-off switch, digital pressure controller with adjustable start/stop setpoints |
| Brand | ChemTron |
|---|---|
| Origin | Germany |
| Model | MINI WHISPER HYBRID |
| Nitrogen Flow Rate | 5–12 L/min @ 1–7 bar |
| Air Flow Output | 35 L/min (dual-stream: 26 L/min @ 7 bar + 10 L/min @ 4 bar) |
| Nitrogen Purity | ≥99% |
| Dew Point | −40 °C (atmospheric) |
| Particle Filtration | ≤0.01 µm, compliant with ISO 8573-1:2010 Class 1.2.1 |
| Inlet Air Requirement | 96–192 L/min at 8.5–10 bar |
| Pressure Drop | ≤1.5 bar |
| Operating Temperature | 15–35 °C |
| Dimensions (W×H×D) | 348 × 735 × 350 mm |
| Weight | 8 kg |
| Certification | CE, IQ/OQ support available |
| Technology | Hollow-fiber membrane separation (0.3 mm ID, 40 nm selective layer) |
| Interface | 1/4" G nitrogen outlet, 1/8" G air outlet |
| Brand | JULABO-Chemtron |
|---|---|
| Origin | Germany |
| Model | MISTRAL EVO HYBRID |
| Nitrogen Flow Rate | up to 12 L/min at 80 psi |
| Source Air Flow | up to 25 L/min at 100 psi |
| Exhaust Air Flow | up to 10 L/min at 80 psi |
| Nitrogen Purity | >98% |
| Dew Point | −40 °C |
| Operating Temperature | 15–40 °C |
| Power Supply | 110 V / 60 Hz or 230 V / 50 Hz |
| Power Consumption | 1800 W |
| Pressure Stability | ±0.5% (0.1 bar) |
| Display | 128×64 px graphical LCD |
| Noise Level | 55 dB(A) |
| Weight | 90 kg |
| Dimensions (L×W×H) | 482×835×641 mm |
| Certifications | CE, MET, FCC |
| Protection Class | IP2X |
| Output Interface | Quick-connect fitting for 6 mm OD tubing |
| Brand | ChemTron |
|---|---|
| Origin | Germany |
| Model | RACK-PG Plus |
| Purity | 99.9996% (standard), 99.99996% (optional) |
| Max Flow | 100–600 mL/min |
| Max Pressure | 11 bar (160 psig) |
| Pressure Accuracy | ±0.1 bar (±5%) |
| Gas Volume in System | <50 mL |
| Water Resistivity Requirement | ≥1 MΩ·cm (recommended ≥5 MΩ·cm) |
| Power Consumption | 65–250 W |
| Noise Level | ≤46 dB(A) |
| Dimensions | 19″ rack-mount (483 × 500 × 350 mm, H×W×D) |
| Weight | 17–19 kg |
| Certifications | CE, CSA, FCC |
| Operating Environment | 15–40 °C, 0–80% RH (non-condensing) |
| Display | 128×64-pixel LCD with tactile buttons |
| Gas Outlet | 1/8″ Swagelock |
| Brand | ChemTron |
|---|---|
| Origin | Germany |
| Model | SC3-30F-1912D2-C |
| Compliance | EN 14470-1:2004, EN 1363-1 |
| Fire Resistance Rating | 30 min |
| Internal Volume | 802 L |
| Internal Dimensions (W×D×H) | 968 × 507 × 1635 mm |
| External Dimensions (W×D×H) | 1101 × 630 × 1951 mm |
| Shelf Capacity | 3 standard / up to 5 shelves |
| Max. Load per Shelf | 80 kg |
| Shelf Thickness | 30 mm |
| Self-Closing Mechanism Activation | 50 °C |
| Vent Closure Temperature | 70–100 °C |
| Weight | 330 kg |
| Brand | ChemTron |
|---|---|
| Origin | Germany |
| Model | T300 |
| Display | TFT LCD |
| Pipetting/Dosing Volume Options | 20 mL or 50 mL Duran® borosilicate glass burettes |
| Tubing Material | PTFE |
| Dosing Accuracy | ±0.15% systematic error, ±0.05% random error (per EN ISO 8655-6) |
| Flow Rate Control | 5 adjustable speed levels |
| Connectivity | 1× USB-A, 1× USB-B, 2× RS-232-C |
| Stirring Interface | Compatible with TM50 magnetic stirrer (M2 kit standard) |
| Software Integration | TitriSoft™ for remote operation, method storage, audit trail, and data export (USB drive, print) |
| Weighing Interface | Optional integration with analytical balances via RS-232 |
| Power Supply | 100–240 V AC, 50/60 Hz |
| Dimensions (w×d×h) | 135 × 310 × 205 mm (with burette, excluding stirrer) |
| Weight | 2.0 kg (without stirrer) |
| Compliance | EN ISO 8655-6 (volumetric accuracy), CE marked |
| Wetted Materials | PTFE, Duran® borosilicate glass, FEP-coated components |
| Brand | ChemTron |
|---|---|
| Origin | Germany |
| Model | WHISPER Hybrid |
| Nitrogen Flow Rate | 12–120 L/min @ 7 bar |
| Air Flow Rate (A) | 22–70 L/min @ 7 bar |
| Air Flow Rate (B) | 10–25 L/min @ 4 bar |
| Input Air Requirement | 96–694 L/min |
| Output Purity | 95–99% N₂ |
| Dew Point | ≤ −40 °C |
| Particle Filtration | ISO 8573-1:2010 Class 1.2.1 |
| Pressure Range | Adjustable 8.5–10 bar |
| Membrane Pore Size | 40 nm |
| Fiber ID | 0.3 mm |
| Operating Temperature | 15–35 °C |
| Certifications | CE, FCC, CSA |
| Brand | ChemTron |
|---|---|
| Origin | Germany |
| Model | WIND XL 500H |
| Nitrogen Purity Range | 95–99.999% |
| Nitrogen Flow Rate | 100–2000 N·L/min |
| Max Direct Output Pressure | 7.5 bar |
| Max Boosted Pressure | 20 bar |
| Display | 10-inch color touchscreen |
| Air inlet pretreatment | multi-stage filtration + refrigerated dryer |
| Noise level | 73 dB(A) ± 2 |
| Enclosure rating (air compressor motor) | IP54 |
| Communication interfaces | RS232, analog I/O, alarm relay outputs |
| Safety features | low-pressure alarm, auto-depressurization at shutdown, compressor overtemperature protection |
| Compliance | Designed for GLP/GMP-adjacent environments |
| meets ISO 8573-1 Class 2 | 2:2 for compressed air quality upstream of PSA unit |
| Brand | Chemyx |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | FUSION 101 |
| Pump Type | Micro-syringe Pump |
| Flow Rate | 0.0001 µL/min (with 0.5 µL syringe) to 90 mL/min (with 60 mL syringe) |
| Accuracy | ± < 0.35% |
| Repeatability | ± < 0.05% |
| Syringe Capacity Range | 0.5 µL – 60 mL |
| Linear Force | 29 lbf (13.1 kgf) |
| Display | 4.3-inch capacitive touchscreen LCD |
| Interface | USB-B, RS232 |
| Step Resolution | 0.198 µm/step |
| Operating Temperature | 4–40 °C |
| Storage Temperature | −10–70 °C |
| Humidity | 20–80% RH (non-condensing) |
| Compliance | CE, RoHS, REACH, FCC, IC |
| Power | 110/220 VAC |
| Dimensions | 9.5 × 6.8 × 4.4 in (24 × 17 × 11 cm) |
| Weight | 7 lb (3 kg) |
| Brand | Chemyx |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | HP6 |
| Flow Rate | 0.00004–734 mL/min |
| Maximum Pressure | 0–30,800 psi |
| Drive System | Single-speed geared motor with self-lubricating gears |
| Plunger Force | Up to 10 tons (44.5 kN) |
| Cylinder Volumes | 90 mL, 250 mL, 500 mL, 750 mL, 1 L |
| Standard Wetted Materials | Nitronic 50 austenitic stainless steel |
| Seal Material | Carbon-fiber-reinforced PTFE |
| Communication Interfaces | USB, RS-232, TTL |
| Mounting Options | Horizontal or vertical orientation |
| Compliance | Designed for GLP/GMP environments |
