Common Laboratory Equipment
Filter
Showing 11791–11820 of 17895 results
| Brand | PreeKem / Yitao |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) |
| Regional Classification | Domestic (China) |
| Model | FLEXI ONE |
| Flow Rate Range | 0.01–49.99 mL/min |
| Maximum Pressure | 25 MPa |
| Flow Stability | RSD < 1% |
| Auto-Sampler Volume | 10 mL |
| Auto-Sampler Positions | 1–4 |
| Brand | PreeKem Yitao |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Country of Origin | China |
| Model | M3 |
| Cavity Class | Industrial-Grade |
| Max. Sample Capacity | 16 vessels |
| Microwave Source | Magnetron |
| Max. Temperature | 330 °C |
| Max. Pressure | 150 bar |
| Display | 7″ High-Resolution Color Touchscreen |
| Cavity Material | 316L Stainless Steel (Laser Seamless Welded + Multi-Layer PTFE Coating) |
| Microwave Frequency | 2450 MHz |
| Power Output Mode | Non-Pulsed Continuous Microwave |
| Cooling System | Twin Air Dual-Direction Rapid Cooling with Intelligent Fan Control |
| Safety Door | Independent Floating Buffer Safety Door with Auto-Interlock |
| Control Logic | Real-Time Dual-Parameter Monitoring (Temperature & Pressure per Vessel) |
| Compliance Features | Built-in Self-Check at Startup |
| Brand | PreeKem / Yitao Technology |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Country of Origin | China |
| Model | M6 |
| Price Range | USD 28,000 – 115,000 (FOB) |
| Cavity Class | Industrial-Grade |
| Sample Capacity | 16–40 vessels |
| Microwave Source | Dual Magnetron Configuration |
| Max Temperature | 330 °C |
| Max Pressure | 15 MPa |
| Display | 7″ High-Resolution Color Touchscreen |
| Microwave Frequency | 2450 MHz |
| Power Output Mode | Non-pulsed Continuous Microwave Emission |
| Cavity Material | Electropolished 316L Stainless Steel with Multi-layer PTFE Coating |
| Cooling System | Twin Air Bidirectional Rapid Cooling with Intelligent Airflow Control |
| Safety Door | Independent Floating Buffer Safety Interlock with Auto-Release & Re-seal Function |
| Control Logic | Real-time Dual-Parameter Monitoring (Temperature & Pressure per Vessel) |
| Compliance | Designed to Support GLP/GMP workflows and ASTM D5511, EPA 3051A/3052, ISO 11466, and USP <231> sample preparation requirements |
| Brand | PreeKem / Yitao |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Region of Origin | Domestic (China) |
| Model | NOVA-2S |
| Price | Upon Request |
| Temperature Range | −20 °C to 350 °C |
| Pressure Range | 0–4 MPa |
| Microwave Power Output | 500 W |
| Magnetron Frequency | 2450 MHz |
| Stirring Mechanism | Magnetic Stirring |
| Reaction Vessel Capacity | 10 mL and 30 mL |
| Brand | PreeKem (Yitao) |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Product Origin | Domestic (China) |
| Model | P3 |
| Pricing | Upon Request |
| Cavity Class | Industrial-Grade |
| Sample Capacity | 96 positions |
| Microwave Source | Dedicated Single-Mode Resonant Cavity |
| Max Temperature | 350 °C |
| Temperature Accuracy | ±0.1 °C |
| Max Pressure | 4.5 MPa |
| Brand | PreeKem / Yitao Technology |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Origin Category | Domestic (China) |
| Model | P6 |
| Pricing | Upon Request |
| Cavity Class | Industrial-Grade |
| Maximum Sample Capacity | 192 samples per run |
| Brand | PreeKem / Yitao |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) |
| Regional Classification | Domestic (China) |
| Model | S1 |
| Instrument Type | Sub-boiling Distillation System |
| Pricing | Available Upon Request |
| Brand | PreeKem/Yitao |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Country of Origin | China |
| Model | TOPEX-EX |
| Microwave Output Power | 3200 W |
| Microwave Frequency | 2450 MHz |
| Temperature Control Range | 0–500 °C |
| Temperature Control Accuracy | ±0.1 °C |
| Cavity Material | 316L Stainless Steel |
| Cavity Coating | Multi-layer PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy) |
| Magnetron Configuration | Dual Industrial-grade Magnetrons with Offset Resonant Arrangement |
| Microwave Emission Mode | True Non-pulsed Continuous Wave (CW), Anode Current Controlled |
| Feedback Loop | High-frequency Closed-loop Monitoring (100 Hz Sampling Rate for Temp/Pressure) |
| Control System | Integrated Touchscreen HMI with Embedded OS |
| Display | 10.1″ Full-color TFT LCD with Real-time Graphical Curve Rendering |
| Application Modes | High-pressure Sealed Digestion, High-throughput Digestion, Solvent-based Extraction, Organic Synthesis under Controlled Conditions |
| Brand | PreeKem/Yitao |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Origin Category | Domestic (China) |
| Model | TOPEX+ |
| Price Range | USD 28,000 – 112,000 |
| Cavity Class | Industrial-Grade |
| Sample Capacity | 15–40 vessels |
| Microwave Source | Dual Magnetron |
| Max Temperature | 500 °C |
| Max Pressure | 15 MPa |
| Brand | PreeKem |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Country of Origin | Domestic (China) |
| Model | U1 |
| Price | Upon Request |
| Cavity Class | Industrial-Grade |
| Sample Capacity | 40 positions |
| Max Temperature | 300 °C |
| Max Pressure | 200 bar |
| Cavity Volume | 1.2 L |
| Vessel Compatibility | Standard borosilicate glass or fused quartz test tubes |
| Acid Consumption Reduction | Up to 70% vs conventional digestion |
| Typical Acid Volume | 2–3 mL for 0.5 g sample |
| Cooling System | Integrated industrial-grade water-cooling module + high-speed centrifugal blower with water-level and flow-rate alarms |
| Optional Cooling | Nitrogen-assisted rapid cooling |
| Safety Features | Triple pressure protection + multi-point temperature monitoring |
| Method Library | Pre-installed standardized digestion protocols |
| Experimental Flexibility | Single-batch multi-variable parameter programming |
| Brand | PreeKem (Yitao) |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Region of Origin | Domestic (China) |
| Model | U2 |
| Price Range | USD 84,000 – 210,000 (based on configuration) |
| Cavity Class | Industrial-Grade |
| Sample Capacity | 82 positions |
| Max Temperature | 300 °C |
| Temp Measurement Accuracy | ±0.1 °C |
| Max Pressure | 200 bar |
| Brand | PreFluid |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Model | BL100-KZ15 |
| Flow Rate Range | 0.012–7572 mL/min |
| Speed Range | 0.1–100 rpm |
| Display | 4-digit LED (speed or flow) |
| Control Interface | RS485 (Modbus-compatible free protocol), 4–20 mA analog input |
| Power Supply | AC 220 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz |
| Power Consumption | ≤50 W |
| Resolution | 0.1 rpm |
| Enclosure Material | Anodized aluminum extrusion |
| Dimensions | 245 × 125 × 140 mm |
| Weight | 3.9 kg |
| IP Rating | IP31 |
| Tube Compatibility | #13, #14, #16, #19, #25, #17, and custom tubing (e.g., 1×1 mm, 2×1 mm, 2.4×0.8 mm, 0.5×0.8 mm) |
| Flow Calibration | User-adjustable per tube ID and fluid density |
| Memory Function | Non-volatile parameter retention across power cycles |
| Operating Environment | 0–40 °C, <80% RH |
| Brand | PreFluid |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Model | SL360-TH35 |
| Flow Rate Range | 0.5–33 L/min |
| Speed Range | 10–360 rpm |
| Speed Resolution | 0.1 rpm |
| Input Voltage | AC 220 V / 110 V (±10%), 50/60 Hz |
| Power Consumption | ≤150 W |
| Operating Temperature | 0–40 °C |
| Relative Humidity | <80% RH |
| Enclosure Rating | IP54 |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 270 × 275 × 367 mm |
| Weight | 23 kg |
| Control Interface | RS-485, Modbus RTU protocol |
| Pump Head | TH35 planetary gear head |
| Motor Type | AC servo motor |
| Tube Compatibility | Large-diameter, thick-walled tubing (e.g., Norprene®, Viton®, silicone) |
| Accuracy | ±0.5% (volumetric delivery under calibrated conditions) |
| Memory Storage | 16 user-configurable parameter sets |
| Display | Backlit LCD with bilingual (English/Chinese) UI |
| Operating Modes | Continuous flow and precise volumetric dispensing |
| External Control | TTL-level start/stop, pulse-triggered operation |
| Power Loss Recovery | Last operating state retained after power interruption |
| Brand | PreFluid |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Model | SL360-XC45 |
| Flow Rate Range | 0.5–33 L/min |
| Speed Range | 10–360 rpm |
| Speed Resolution | 0.1 rpm |
| Input Voltage | AC 220 V / 110 V (±10%), 50/60 Hz |
| Power Consumption | ≤150 W |
| Enclosure Rating | IP54 |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 290 × 258 × 290 mm |
| Weight | 23 kg |
| Display | LCD with bilingual (English/Chinese) interface |
| Control Interface | RS-485, Modbus RTU protocol |
| Pump Head | XC45 planetary gear-driven roller head |
| Motor Type | AC servo motor |
| Tube Compatibility | Large-diameter, thick-walled tubing (e.g., silicone, Viton®, Santoprene®) |
| Accuracy | ±0.5% of set flow rate |
| Operating Environment | 0–40 °C, <80% RH |
| Memory Capacity | 16 user-storable parameter sets |
| Features | Power-loss memory, external level/pulse trigger control, bidirectional operation, auto-torque adjustment, real-time flow estimation |
| Brand | PreFluid |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Model | WF300-KZ25 |
| Flow Rate Range | 0.012–7572 mL/min |
| Speed Range | 0.1–600 rpm |
| Speed Resolution | 0.1 rpm |
| Power Supply | AC 220 V (±10%), 50/60 Hz |
| Power Consumption | ≤50 W |
| Enclosure Rating | IP54 |
| Dimensions | 319 × 200 × 196 mm |
| Weight | 8.7 kg |
| Display | LCD with bilingual (Chinese/English) interface |
| Control Interface | RS485 (Modbus RTU), 4–20 mA analog input |
| Memory | 12 user-configurable protocols, power-loss retention |
| Operating Environment | 0–40 °C, RH <80% |
| Motor Type | Brushless DC servo motor, closed-loop control |
| Pulse Suppression | Dual YZ15 pump heads in 30° phase-shifted Y-configuration optional |
| Brand | PreFluid |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Model | WF350-PF246 |
| Pump Type | Peristaltic Pump |
| Flow Rate Range | 0.012–3899 mL/min |
| Speed Range | 0.1–350 rpm |
| Speed Resolution | 0.1 rpm |
| Display | LCD with bilingual (English/Chinese) interface |
| Control Interface | RS485, Modbus RTU protocol |
| Input Power | AC 220 V / 110 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz |
| Power Consumption | ≤115 W |
| Enclosure Rating | IP54 |
| Dimensions | 300 × 300 × 215 mm |
| Weight | 11 kg |
| Operating Temperature | 0–50 °C, RH <80% |
| Accuracy | ≤±0.5% (at ≥10 mL dispense volume) |
| Pulse Dampening | Dual-channel PF246 pump head with split-then-merge fluid path |
| Motor | Brushless DC servo motor with closed-loop speed control |
| Memory | 12 programmable parameter sets, power-loss retention |
| Features | Auto-retract (0–360°), no-bottle stop-fill, soft-start, auto-empty, calibration-assisted volume adjustment |
| Brand | PreFluid |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Model | WF350 |
| Flow Rate Range | 1–350 rpm |
| Speed Range | 1–350 rpm |
| Motor Type | Brushless DC Servo Motor |
| Angle Range | 180°–36000° |
| Angle Resolution | 1° |
| Control Interface | RS485 (Modbus RTU) |
| Power Supply | AC 220 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz |
| Operating Temperature | 0–50 °C |
| Relative Humidity | <80% RH |
| Power Consumption | ≤460 W |
| Dimensions | 1200 × 440 × 210 mm |
| Weight | 53 kg |
| IP Rating | IP61 |
| Compatible Pump Heads | PF246, YZ35, KZ35, KZ25, YZ15 |
| Fill Accuracy | ≤±0.5% (for volumes ≥1 mL) |
| Fill Modes | Step-angle dispensing, timed dispensing (0.1–99.9 s), auto-empty, retract (0°–360°), acceleration/deceleration curve selection (10 profiles) |
| Bottle Detection | No-bottle stop function |
| Data Retention | Power-loss memory |
| Compliance | Designed for GLP-compliant lab environments |
| Brand | PreFluid |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Model | WF600g-YZ35 / WF600g-KZ35 |
| Flow Rate Range | 10–600 rpm |
| Speed Resolution | 0.1 rpm |
| Display | LCD with bilingual (Chinese/English) interface |
| Control Modes | Keypad, RS485 (Modbus-RTU compatible), 4–20 mA analog input, relay/TTL trigger |
| Dosing Accuracy | ≤ ±0.5% (at specified volumes and tubing) |
| Enclosure | IP54-rated metal housing with corrosion-resistant coating |
| Power Supply | AC 220 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz |
| Max Power Consumption | ≤150 W |
| Operating Temperature | 0–50 °C |
| Dimensions | 300 × 300 × 215 mm |
| Weight | 9.7 kg |
| Tubing Compatibility | #73 and #82 silicone or PharMed® BPT (YZ35/KZ35 pump heads) |
| Brand | PreFluid |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Model | WL100-KZ15 / WL100-YZ15 |
| Flow Rate Range | 0.012–281 mL/min |
| Speed Range | 0.1–100.0 rpm |
| Speed Resolution | 0.1 rpm |
| Display | LCD with bilingual (English/Chinese) interface |
| Control Mode | Keypad + RS485 Modbus RTU protocol |
| Input Signal | 4–20 mA analog input |
| Power Supply | AC 220 V / 110 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz |
| Power Consumption | ≤30 W |
| Dimensions | 250 × 145 × 165 mm |
| Weight | 5.2 kg |
| IP Rating | IP54 |
| Operating Environment | 0–40 °C, <80% RH |
| Pump Head Type | KZ15 (for tubing sizes #13–#25), YZ15 (for tubing sizes #14–#25) |
| Motor Type | Brushless DC motor |
| Enclosure | Metal housing with corrosion-resistant coating |
| Features | Auto-tubing clamping, totalized flow counter, timed/quantitative dispensing, power-loss memory, sealed assembly for harsh environments |
| Brand | PreFluid |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Model | WL300-KZ25 |
| Flow Rate Range | 0.012–7572 mL/min |
| Speed Range | 0.1–600 rpm |
| Speed Resolution | 0.1 rpm |
| Power Supply | AC 220 V / 110 V (±10%), 50/60 Hz |
| Power Consumption | ≤50 W |
| Display | LCD with bilingual (English/Chinese) menu |
| Communication Interface | RS485, Modbus RTU protocol |
| Remote Control | 4–20 mA analog input |
| Enclosure Rating | IP54 |
| Dimensions | 319 × 200 × 196 mm |
| Weight | 8.5 kg |
| Motor Type | Brushless DC servo motor with closed-loop control |
| Tube Compatibility | 14#, 15#, 16#, 17#, 18#, 19#, 24#, 25#, 35#, 36# peristaltic tubing |
| Accuracy | ≤±0.5% |
| Features | Totalizer, timed dispensing, volume-based dosing, power-loss memory, dual-pump-head cascade capability, corrosion-resistant coated metal housing |
| Brand | PreFluid |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Model Variants | WL300B-YZ25 / WL300B-DG15 / WL300B-TH16 / WL300B-KZ15 / WL300B-KZ25 |
| Flow Rate Range | 0.012–7572 mL/min |
| Speed Range | 0.1–300.0 rpm |
| Speed Resolution | 0.1 rpm |
| Display | 4-digit LED (speed or flow) |
| Control Interface | Membrane keypad, RS485 (Modbus RTU), 4–20 mA analog input |
| Power Supply | AC 220 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz |
| Power Consumption | ≤100 W |
| Operating Temperature | 0–50 °C |
| Relative Humidity | <80% RH |
| Dimensions | 319 × 200 × 196 mm |
| Weight | 8.6 kg |
| IP Rating | IP54 |
| Motor Type | Brushless DC with closed-loop speed control |
| Pump Head Compatibility | Up to four heads in series |
| Tubing Compatibility | Wide range including #13–#36 (Pharmed®, Viton®, silicone, PVC) |
| Features | Tube ID selection, flow calibration, power-loss memory, quick fill/empty mode, key lock, sealed enclosure for harsh environments |
| Brand | Prema |
|---|---|
| Origin | Taiwan |
| Model | HD300 |
| Instrument Type | Probe-type Rotor-Stator Homogenizer |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 370 × 270 × 500 mm |
| Speed Range | 0–12,000 rpm |
| Motor Power | DC 220 W |
| Processing Volume | 0.1–5 L |
| Display | Digital LED Speed Readout |
| Speed Control | Continuously Variable Analog Knob |
| Safety Features | Thermal Cut-off, Overload Protection, Fuse |
| Optional Accessories | Motorized Lift Stand, HM-Series Homogenizing Probes |
| Brand | Prema |
|---|---|
| Origin | Taiwan |
| Model | HD400 |
| Instrument Type | Probe-type rotor-stator homogenizer |
| Speed Range | 0–7,000 rpm |
| Torque | 5.4 kg·cm |
| Motor | DC 350 W |
| Display | Digital LED speed readout |
| Speed Control | Continuously variable (stepless) rotary knob |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 399 × 376 × 840 mm |
| Housing Material | Chemical-resistant enclosure |
| Clamp & Shaft | Stainless steel |
| Safety Features | Thermal cut-off, overload protection, fuse |
| Optional Accessories | Motorized lift stand, HM-series emulsifying heads |
| Compliance | Designed for GLP-compliant laboratory environments |
| Brand | Prema |
|---|---|
| Origin | Taiwan |
| Model | HG200 |
| Instrument Type | Probe-Type Rotor-Stator Homogenizer |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 310 × 270 × 670 mm |
| Speed Range | 0–20,000 rpm |
| Motor | DC 250 W |
| Speed Display | Digital LED |
| Processing Volume | 0.3–3000 mL |
| Safety Features | Thermal Cut-off, Overload Protection, Fuse Integration |
| Mounting | Spring-Loaded Vertical Stand |
| Optional Accessories | Automatic Lift System, HM Emulsifying Head, HD Dispersing Head |
| Brand | Prema |
|---|---|
| Origin | Taiwan |
| Model | HM300 |
| Drive Type | Probe-type rotor-stator homogenizer |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 370 × 270 × 500 mm |
| Speed Range | 0–12,000 rpm |
| Motor Power | DC 220 W |
| Capacity | 0.1–2 L |
| Display | Digital LED speed readout |
| Speed Control | Continuous variable (analog knob) |
| Shaft Material | SUS316 stainless steel |
| Safety Features | Thermal cut-off, overload protection, fuse |
| Mounting | Spring-loaded vertical stand |
| Optional Accessories | Motorized lift unit, HD-series dispersing heads |
| Brand | Prema |
|---|---|
| Origin | Taiwan |
| Model | HM310 |
| Drive Type | Probe-type rotor-stator homogenizer |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 370 × 270 × 500 mm |
| Speed Range | 1,000–12,000 rpm |
| Motor Power | DC 220 W |
| Capacity | 0.1–2 L |
| Display | LED digital speed readout with feedback compensation circuit |
| Timer | Programmable up to 99 h 59 min |
| Safety Features | Thermal cut-off, overload protection, fuse |
| Construction | SUS316 stainless steel probe assembly |
| Mounting | Spring-loaded vertical lift stand |
| Optional Accessories | Automated lift system, HD-series high-shear dispersing heads |
| Brand | Prema |
|---|---|
| Origin | Taiwan |
| Model | HM400 |
| Instrument Type | Probe-type Rotational Homogenizer |
| Speed Range | 0–7,000 rpm |
| Motor Power | DC 350 W |
| Torque | 5.4 kg·cm |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 399 × 376 × 840 mm |
| Housing Material | Chemical-Resistant Polymer |
| Shaft & Chuck | Stainless Steel |
| Safety Features | Thermal Cut-off, Overload Protection, Fuse Integration |
| Display | Digital LED Speed Readout |
| Speed Control | Continuously Variable Rotary Knob |
| Compliance | Designed for GLP-compliant lab environments |
| Brand | LabTech |
|---|---|
| Origin | Beijing, China |
| Model | PrepElite-GVS |
| Flow Rate | 0.1–100 mL/min (intelligently adjustable) |
| Maximum Pressure | ≥1 MPa |
| Flow Stability | RSD ≤1% (at constant flow) |
| Auto-Sampling Volume Range | 0.1–1000 mL |
| Auto-Sampling Capacity | Up to 96 samples per batch |
| System Architecture | Modular, fully enclosed, 24/7 unattended operation |
| Brand | PRESI |
|---|---|
| Origin | France |
| Model | EVO 400 |
| Motor Power | 7.5 kW, Variable-Frequency Drive (VFD) |
| Supply Voltage | 380 V / 3-Phase / 50 Hz |
| Maximum Wheel Diameter | Φ400 mm |
| Compatible Abrasive Wheels | Diamond, Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN), Aluminum Oxide, Silicon Carbide |
| Control Interface | 10.1" Full-Color Touchscreen with Multi-Language Support (including English, French, German, Chinese) |
| Stored Methods | Up to 100 Predefined Cutting Protocols |
| Cutting Modes | Manual-Assisted, Fully Automatic, and Programmable Sequence |
| Intelligent Load Compensation | Real-time Torque & Feed Rate Adjustment Based on Motor Load Feedback |
| Compliance | CE Marked, Designed per EN 60204-1 (Electrical Safety), EN ISO 12100 (Risk Assessment), and EN 62061 (Functional Safety of Machinery) |
| Brand | PRESI |
|---|---|
| Origin | France |
| Model | EVO 500 |
| Motor Power | 11 kW, Variable-Frequency Drive |
| Supply Voltage | 380 V / 3-Phase / 50 Hz |
| Blade Compatibility | Diamond, Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN), Aluminum Oxide, Silicon Carbide |
| Control Interface | 15.6″ Full-Color TFT Touchscreen with Multilingual Support (including English) |
| Maximum Sample Height | 500 mm |
| Cutting Method Modes | Manual-Assisted, Fully Automatic, Programmable Sequence |
| Onboard Method Storage | Up to 100 Predefined Cutting Protocols |
| Compliance | CE, ISO 12100 (Machine Safety), EN 60204-1 (Electrical Equipment of Machines) |