Physical Property Testing Instruments
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| Brand | DRETOP |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Model | THS-D100-II |
| Temperature Range | -80 °C to +150 °C |
| Cooling Method | Compressor-based Refrigeration |
| Explosion-Proof | Standard (Non-Explosion-Proof) |
| Temperature Fluctuation | ±0.5 °C |
| Temperature Uniformity | ≤2.0 °C |
| Temperature Deviation | ±2.0 °C |
| Heating Rate | 1–3 °C/min (adjustable) |
| Cooling Rate | 0.7–1 °C/min (adjustable) |
| Internal Chamber Dimensions | 500 × 400 × 500 mm (W × D × H) |
| Chamber Volume | 100 L |
| Humidity Range | 30–95 %RH (standard) |
| Humidity Deviation | ±3–5 %RH |
| Power Supply | AC 220 V / 50 Hz or AC 380 V / 50 Hz |
| Input Power | 5500 W (typical) |
| Control System | Full-color TFT touchscreen with programmable logic controller (PLC) architecture |
| Brand | DRETOP |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Model | THS-D1000-II |
| Temperature Range | −80 °C to +150 °C |
| Cooling Method | Compressor-Based Refrigeration |
| Explosion-Proof | Standard (Non-Explosion-Proof) |
| Temperature Fluctuation | ±0.5 °C |
| Temperature Uniformity | ≤2 °C |
| Heating Rate | 1–3 °C/min (adjustable) |
| Cooling Rate | 0.7–1 °C/min (adjustable) |
| Internal Chamber Dimensions | 1000 mm × 1000 mm × 1000 mm |
| Power Supply | AC 380 V / 50 Hz |
| Control System | Full-Color Touchscreen with PID Auto-Tuning |
| Data Logging | Real-Time Export to Excel & Graphical Reports |
| Remote Access | Cloud-Enabled Web Interface, Mobile App, Multi-User Concurrent Access (Up to 10 Accounts) |
| Safety Protections | Over-Temperature Cut-Off, Compressor/Fan Overload Protection, Leakage Current Protection, Auto-Recovery After Power Failure |
| Construction | Stainless Steel Interior, Electrophoretic-Coated Exterior, Double-Layer Heated Anti-Fog Viewing Window, Silicone Door Seal |
| Brand | DRETOP |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Model | THS-DH500 |
| Temperature Range | –70 °C to 150 °C |
| Humidity Range | 20–98 % RH |
| Temperature Uniformity | ≤2 °C |
| Temperature Fluctuation | ±0.5 °C |
| Humidity Deviation | ±3–5 % RH |
| Heating Rate | 1–3 °C/min (adjustable) |
| Cooling Rate | 0.7–1 °C/min (adjustable) |
| Internal Volume | 500 L |
| Power Supply | AC 380 V |
| Input Power | 9–11 kW |
| Brand | DRETOP |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Product Category | Domestic |
| Model | ZHS-100HC |
| Instrument Type | Upright |
| Condensation Method | Air-Cooled |
| Temperature Range | 0–65 °C |
| Humidity Range | 40–95 %RH |
| Temperature Uniformity | ±1 °C |
| Temperature Fluctuation | ±0.5 °C (high-temp), ±1 °C (low-temp) |
| Humidity Uniformity | ±3 %RH |
| Humidity Fluctuation | ±3 %RH |
| Heating Rate | 1–3 °C/min |
| Interior Dimensions (W×D×H) | 450×380×590 mm |
| Power Supply | AC 220 V, 50 Hz |
| Rated Power | 1400 W |
| Net Volume | 100 L |
| Shelf Capacity | 2 adjustable stainless-steel shelves |
| Origin | Hunan, China |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Origin Category | Domestic (China) |
| Model | DRX-II-300A |
| Price Range | USD 7,000–14,000 |
| Instrument Type | Guarded Hot Plate Method |
| Measurement Range | 0.01–2.2 W/m·K |
| Repeatability | ±1.0% |
| Accuracy | ±2.5% |
| Thickness Capacity | Up to 200 mm |
| Cold Plate Temp Range | −40 °C to +60 °C |
| Hot Plate Temp Range | Ambient to 110 °C (optional up to 300 °C or 600 °C) |
| Temperature Control Precision | ±0.1 °C |
| Temp Resolution | 0.01 °C |
| Sample Size | 200 × 200 × (5–20) mm or 300 × 300 × (5–100) mm |
| Power Supply | AC 220 V ±5%, 3.0 kW |
| Compliance | GB/T 10294–2008, ASTM C518, ISO 8302 |
| Origin | Hunan, China |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Origin Category | Domestic (PRC) |
| Model | DRH-300 |
| Price Range | USD 7,000–14,000 |
| Instrument Type | Guarded Hot Plate Method |
| Dimensions (L×W×H) | 820 × 760 × 950 mm |
| Accuracy | ±2% |
| Thermal Conductivity Range | 0.001–2.20 W/(m·K) |
| Repeatability | ±1% |
| Sample Thickness Range | 5–50 mm |
| Sample Size | 300 × 300 mm |
| Cold Plate Temp. Range | 0–60 °C (0.01 °C resolution) |
| Hot Plate Temp. Range | 10–99.9 °C |
| Temperature Uniformity (Hot/Cold Plates) | ≤0.1 °C |
| Surface Flatness Tolerance | ≤0.5 mm |
| Applied Pressure Range | 0–80 kPa (0.1 kPa resolution) |
| Power Supply | AC 220 V ±5%, 3.0 kW |
| Origin | Hunan, China |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Origin Category | Domestic (China) |
| Model | DRH300 |
| Quotation | USD 7,650 (FOB) |
| Instrument Type | Guarded Hot Plate Method |
| Dimensions (L×W×H) | 1200 × 700 × 1300 mm |
| Accuracy | ±3% |
| Thermal Conductivity Range | 0.005–3.0 W/(m·K) |
| Repeatability | 1% |
| Temperature Control Range (DRH300A/B/C variants) | 0–40 °C / RT–100 °C / −20–70 °C |
| Sample Size Max | 300 × 300 × 100 mm |
| Thermal Resistance Range | 0.1–8.0 m²·K/W |
| Control System | Peltier-based heated/cooled plates with dual embedded heat flux sensors |
| Compliance | ASTM C518, ISO 8301, GB/T 10294, GB/T 10295, JIS A 1412, DIN EN 12939, DIN EN 13163, DIN EN 12667 |
| Brand | Drick |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shandong, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Country of Origin | China |
| Model | CSL-B |
| Drive System | Precision Ball Screw Transmission |
| Guideway | Linear Motion Rails |
| Notch Types | Dual-Station V-Notch and U-Notch Milling (Configurable as V/V, U/U, or V/U) |
| Processing Time per Specimen | ≤10 s |
| Notch Standards Compliance | GB/T 229–2020 (Charpy), GB/T 2106–2014 (V-Notch), ASTM E23–23, ISO 148-1:2016, ISO 83–2016 |
| Specimen Dimensions Supported | 10×10×55 mm, 7.5×7.5×55 mm, 2.5×2.5×55 mm |
| Tool Stroke | 350 mm |
| Cutting Speed | 2.3 m/min |
| Motor | 380 V, 50 Hz, 0.4 kW |
| Overall Dimensions (W×D×H) | 350 × 510 × 1280 mm |
| Net Weight | 180 kg |
| Tool Material | W18Cr4V High-Speed Steel (HRC ≥64), Service Life: >20,000 specimens per cutter |
| Brand | Drick |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shandong, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Model | DRK-R70 |
| Temperature Range | Ambient to 360 °C |
| Heating Rate | 0.1–20 °C/min (200-step continuous adjustment) |
| Temperature Accuracy | ±0.3 °C (<250 °C) |
| Capillary Dimensions | Outer Diameter 1.3 mm, Inner Diameter 1.1 mm |
| Temperature Resolution | 0.01 °C |
| Brand | Other Brands |
|---|---|
| Origin | Imported |
| Manufacturer Type | General Distributor |
| Price | USD 1,700 (approx.) |
| Compliance | GB/T 4857.5, ISO 2248:1985, GB/T 4857.1–4857.18 |
| Height Accuracy | ±2% or ±10 mm |
| Drive System | Electric lift & release |
| Drop Modes | Face, Edge, Corner |
| Height Display | Digital indicator with rotary encoder feedback |
| Frame Material | Precision-ground, chromium-plated high-grade steel shafts |
| Free-fall Separation | Controlled platform release mechanism |
| Structural Stability | Low-vibration, rigid column architecture |
| Brand | OEM |
|---|---|
| Origin | Imported |
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Price | USD 1,700 (FOB) |
| Compliance | GB/T 4857.5, ISO 2248:1985, GB/T 4857.1, GB/T 4857.2, GB/T 4857.17, GB/T 4857.18 |
| Key | Brand: OEM/Third-Party Manufacturer |
|---|---|
| Origin | Imported |
| Supplier Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Price | USD 1,700 (FOB) |
| Compliance | GB/T 4857.5, ISO 2248:1985, GB/T 4857.1–4857.18 |
| Key | Brand: OEM / Third-Party Manufacturer |
|---|---|
| Origin | Imported |
| Supplier Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Price | USD 1,700 (FOB) |
| Compliance | GB/T 4857.5, ISO 2248:1985, ASTM D5276 |
| Origin | Hunan, China |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Origin Category | Domestic (PRC) |
| Model | DRX-I-JH |
| Pricing | Available Upon Request |
| Max Operating Temperature | RT–600°C / RT–1000°C (configurable) |
| Thermal Conductivity Range | 0.035–40 W/(m·K) and 20–500 W/(m·K) (material-dependent) |
| Sample Geometry | Cylindrical rods (Ø5 × 220 mm for metals |
| Wire Samples | Ø1–3 mm diameter |
| Sample Quantity | ≥2 per test run |
| Measurement Accuracy | ≤5% (typical), down to ±2% under optimized calibration and controlled conditions |
| Vacuum/Atmosphere Control | Customizable (high-vacuum or inert gas purge options) |
| Automation | Fully computer-controlled heating ramping, data acquisition, real-time calculation, and report generation |
| Power Supply | 220 V AC, ≤4 kW total consumption |
| Origin | Hunan, China |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Country of Origin | China |
| Model | DRX-I-RX |
| Price Range | USD 1,400–7,200 (FOB) |
| Instrument Type | Transient Hot Wire Method (THW) |
| Dimensions (L×W×H) | 110 × 150 × 65 cm |
| Accuracy | ±5% |
| Thermal Conductivity Range | 0.015–20 W/(m·K) |
| Repeatability | ±2% |
| Max Test Temperature | 1000 °C / 1400 °C / 1600 °C (configurable) |
| Sample Size Limit | 230 × 114 × 65 mm |
| Heating Power Control | Programmable & Computer-Regulated |
| Dual-Mode Capability | Cross-Wire & Parallel-Wire THW |
| Software Platform | Windows 7/XP-based thermal analysis application with automated data acquisition and report generation |
| Optional Modules | Specific Heat Capacity Measurement Module (accuracy: ±7–10%), Transient Line Source (TLS), and Needle Probe Method Adapters |
| Origin | Hunan, China |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Type | Distributor |
| Origin Category | Domestic (China) |
| Model | DRX-II-LUX |
| Price | Upon Request |
| Measurement Principle | Steady-State Guarded Hot Plate (Modified ASTM C177 / ISO 8302 compliant architecture) |
| Heat Plate Diameter | Φ65 mm |
| Heat Plate Temp | 60 ± 0.1 °C (Pt100 controlled) |
| Cold Plate Temp | 20 ± 0.1 °C (water-cooled, Pt100 controlled) |
| Preheater Temp | 40 °C (optional) |
| Coolant Temp Control | 20 ± 0.5 °C |
| Coolant Flow Rate | 40 L/h |
| Temperature Differential Resolution | ±0.1 °C (via differential thermopile or dual Pt100) |
| Sample Dimension | Φ50 × 50 mm |
| Thickness Measurement Accuracy | ±0.01 mm (digital caliper) |
| Test Duration | 5–20 min |
| Contact Pressure | Manual or motorized preloading system |
| Max Power Consumption | ≤1.5 kW |
| Origin | Hunan, China |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Origin Category | Domestic (China) |
| Model | DRX-II-RL |
| Pricing | Available Upon Request |
| Temperature Range Options | −196 °C to RT, −30 °C to 90 °C, −20 °C to 70 °C, 0 °C to 40 °C, 0 °C to 100 °C |
| Temperature Resolution | 0.01 °C |
| Sample Diameter | Φ10–30 mm |
| Sample Thickness | 0.02–50 mm |
| Thermal Resistance Range | 0.1–8.0 m²·K/W |
| Thermal Conductivity Range | 0.015–100 W/(m·K) and 0.015–40 W/(m·K) |
| Accuracy | ≤±3% (thermal conductivity), ±5% (thermal diffusivity), ±7% (specific heat) |
| Repeatability | 0.3–0.5% |
| Cooling Options | Forced-air, External Water Bath, Liquid Nitrogen |
| Control | Motorized Plate Actuation, Programmable Temperature Ramp (1–10 setpoints), Embedded Controller + PC Interface |
| Compliance Standards | ASTM D5470-06, ASTM E1530, ASTM C518, ISO 8301, JIS A1412, DIN EN 12939, DIN EN 13163, DIN EN 12667, MIL-I-49456A |
| Origin | Hunan, China |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Type | Distributor |
| Product Origin | Domestic |
| Model | DRX-II-RW |
| Price Range | USD 7,000–14,000 |
| Instrument Type | Heat Flow Method |
| Dimensions (L×W×H) | 550 × 450 × 780 mm |
| Accuracy | ±3% |
| Thermal Conductivity Range | 0.5–100 W/(m·K) |
| Repeatability | ≤±1% |
| Specific Heat Measurement Accuracy | ±7% |
| Thermal Diffusivity Measurement Accuracy | ±5% |
| Operating Temperature Range | 20–300 °C |
| Sample Diameter | 15–50 mm |
| Sample Thickness | 1–50 mm |
| Compliance Standards | GB 5598–1985, GB 11205–1989, MIL-I-49456A, ASTM D5470–06 |
| Brand | Lake Shore |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | DryMag |
| Temperature Range | 1.5 K to 300 K (420 K optional) |
| Magnetic Field | Up to 12 T vertical, up to 7 T horizontal |
| Cooling Method | Closed-cycle cryocooler with static helium exchange gas |
| Sample Environment | Top-loading, gas-cooled sample space |
| Optical Access | Optional bottom or horizontal viewport |
| Rotation Options | Single-axis (vertical) or dual-axis (vertical + horizontal) sample rotation |
| Base Temperature | ≤1.5 K |
| Initial Cool-down Time | ~24 h |
| Temperature Stability | ±50 mK |
| Sample Exchange Time | 90 min |
| Cryocooler Maintenance Interval | 10,000 h (Gifford-McMahon) or 20,000 h (pulse tube) |
| Optional Add-ons | He-3 insert (300 mK), electrical feedthroughs, M81-SSM source-measure unit, M91 FastHall controller, MeasureLINK software suite |
| Origin | Germany |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Origin Category | Imported |
| Model | DSA100 |
| Price Range | USD 68,000 – 136,000 |
| Instrument Class | Dynamic Contact Angle Analyzer |
| Form Factor | Benchtop Laboratory System |
| Contact Angle Measurement Range | 0–180° |
| Contact Angle Accuracy | ±0.1° |
| Sample Stage Dimensions | 100 × 100 mm (adjustable height) |
| Optical Magnification | 0.7–4.5× (motorized zoom lens) |
| Surface/Interfacial Tension Range | 0.01–2000 mN/m |
| Surface/Interfacial Tension Accuracy | ±0.01 mN/m |
| Temperature Control Range | −30 to +400 °C (with optional thermostatted stages) |
| Humidity Control | Integrated chamber (10–95% RH, ±2% RH stability) |
| Imaging System | High-speed monochrome CMOS camera (1024 × 1024 px, 12-bit dynamic range, up to 300 fps) |
| Software Platform | ADVANCE v4.x with audit trail, user management, and 21 CFR Part 11 compliance modules |
| Brand | DT Instruments |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | DT-100 / DT-110 |
| Measurement Principle | Ultrasonic Attenuation Spectroscopy (UAS) |
| Particle Size Range | 5 nm – 1000 µm |
| Sample Concentration Range | 0.1–50% v/v (undiluted) |
| Operating Frequency Range | 1–100 MHz |
| Minimum Sample Volume (DT-110) | < 5 mL |
| Dispersion Media Compatibility | Aqueous, polar, and non-polar liquids |
| Data Management | Microsoft Access-based database |
| Calibration-Free Operation | Yes |
| Adjustable Transducer Gap | Yes |
| Compliance Context | Supports GLP/GMP-aligned workflows |
| Brand | DT Instruments |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | DT-300 / DT-310 |
| Measurement Principle | Electroacoustic (Colloid Vibration Current, CVI) |
| Zeta Potential Range | Unlimited (down to ±0.1 mV) |
| Sample Concentration | 0.1–50% v/v (no dilution required) |
| Minimum Sample Volume | 2 mL |
| Measurable Parameters | Zeta potential, dynamic electrophoretic mobility, Debye length, particle size distribution (via optional ultrasound attenuation spectroscopy), rheological properties (viscoelastic moduli), solid content, porosity |
| Software Platform | Microsoft Access-based database with audit trail capability |
| Optional Module | Automated titration system (DT-310 only) |
| Compliance Context | Designed for GLP/GMP-aligned laboratories |
| Brand | DT (USA) |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | RUFUTO-871 |
| Measurement Range | 1–20 and 1–200 (dimensionless) |
| Accuracy | ±2% |
| Calibration | With deionized water or reference liquids of known permittivity |
| Probe Type | Open-ended coaxial probe |
| Sample Compatibility | Aqueous solutions, polar and non-polar organic solvents, solvent mixtures |
| Brand | DT (USA) |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | DT-1202 |
| Particle Size Range | 5 nm – 1000 µm |
| Zeta Potential Measurement Range | Unlimited (±0.1 mV accuracy) |
| Concentration Range | 0.1–50 vol% |
| pH Range | 0.5–13.5 |
| Conductivity Range | 0.0001–10 S/m |
| Temperature Range | <50 °C |
| Max. Viscosity | 20,000 cP |
| Frequency Range | 1–100 MHz |
| Minimum Sample Volume | 2 mL |
| Titration Resolution | 0.1 µL |
| Simultaneous Measurement | Particle Size + Zeta Potential in One Cell |
| Optional Modules | Rheology, pH, Conductivity, Temperature, Auto-Titration, Non-Aqueous Systems |
| Brand | DT Instruments |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | DT-330 |
| Measurement Principle | Electroacoustics (Colloid Vibration Current, CVI) & Electrophoretic Acoustics (ESA) |
| Sample Concentration Range | 0.1–50 vol% (no dilution required) |
| Minimum Sample Volume | 2 mL |
| Zeta Potential Range | No theoretical lower limit |
| Compatible Solvents | Aqueous, polar, and non-polar media |
| Porosity Measurement | Yes (via high-frequency conductivity probe) |
| Surface Zeta Potential on Porous Solids | Yes |
| Output Parameters | Dynamic electrophoretic mobility, Debye length, surface charge density, solid content, rheological properties |
| Compliance Context | Designed for GLP/GMP-aligned labs |
| Brand | DT (USA) |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | DT-600 |
| Measurement Principle | Ultrasonic Spectroscopy (1–100 MHz) |
| Sample Concentration Range | 0.1–50 vol% (no dilution required) |
| Viscosity Range | 0.5–100 cP (±3% accuracy) |
| Longitudinal Modulus (G*) Measurement | 1–100 MHz |
| Solvent Compatibility | Aqueous, polar, and non-polar media |
| Zeta Potential & Particle Size | Direct measurement in concentrated dispersions |
| Isoelectric Point (IEP) Determination | Model-independent, no Debye-Hückel or Smoluchowski approximation required |
| Titration Function | Integrated automated potentiometric titration module |
| Data Management | Microsoft Access-based local database with audit-ready export |
| Brand | DT (USA) |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | DT-700 |
| Measurement Range | 0–200 µS/m |
| Resolution | 1 µS/m |
| Accuracy | ±2% of reading |
| Probe Operating Temperature | −20 °C to +200 °C |
| Display | LCD |
| Interface | USB for external storage export |
| Form Factor | Portable handheld unit |
| Brand | OEM / Custom Brand |
|---|---|
| Origin | Imported |
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Price | USD 2,600 (FOB) |
| Internal Dimensions (W×D×H) | 500×400×400 mm / 600×500×500 mm / 700×600×600 mm |
| External Dimensions (W×D×H) | 1200×1950×1100 mm / 1300×2000×1200 mm / 1450×2100×1350 mm |
| Temperature Range | -40°C to +150°C |
| Humidity Range | 20–98% RH |
| Heating Rate | ~4.0°C/min |
| Cooling Rate | ~1.0°C/min |
| Temperature Uniformity | ±2.0°C |
| Temperature Fluctuation | ±0.5°C |
| Humidity Fluctuation | ±2.5% RH |
| Humidity Deviation | ±3.0% RH |
| Refrigerant | R404A/R23 (ODP = 0) |
| Controller | 7-inch TFT color LCD touchscreen (bilingual English/Chinese interface) |
| Power Supply | AC220V±5%, 50Hz, single-phase three-wire or AC380V±5%, 50Hz, three-phase five-wire |
| Brand | Other Brands |
|---|---|
| Origin | Imported |
| Manufacturer Type | General Distributor |
| Price | USD 2,650 (approx.) |
| Internal Dimensions (mm) | 500×400×400 / 600×500×500 / 700×600×600 |
| External Dimensions (mm) | 1200×1950×1100 / 1300×2000×1200 / 1450×2100×1350 |
| Temperature Range | -40 °C to +150 °C |
| Humidity Range | 20–98 %RH |
| Heating Rate | ~4.0 °C/min |
| Cooling Rate | ~1.0 °C/min |
| Temperature Uniformity | ±2 °C |
| Temperature Fluctuation | ±0.5 °C |
| Humidity Fluctuation | ±2.5 %RH |
| Humidity Deviation | ±3.0 %RH |
| Insulation | Dual-layer rigid polyurethane foam + fiberglass |
| Inner Chamber Material | SUS#304 stainless steel |
| Outer Shell | Galvanized steel with powder coating or optional SUS#304 |
| Refrigerant | R404A/R23 (zero ODP) |
| Compressor | Hermetic scroll type (French/Tecumseh) |
| Controller | 7-inch TFT color LCD touchscreen (bilingual English/Chinese), 250 programs × 12,500 segments, 250-day data logging, USB/RS-232 interface, Excel-compatible data export |
| Optional | LAN-based remote monitoring and control |
| Brand | Other Brands |
|---|---|
| Origin | Imported |
| Manufacturer Type | General Distributor |
| Price | USD 1,700 (approx.) |
| Compliance | GB/T 4857.5, ISO 2248:1985, GB/T 4857.1/2/17/18 |
| Height Accuracy | ±2% or ±10 mm |
| Drive System | Electric lifting & release |
| Drop Modes | Face, Edge, Corner |
| Frame Material | Precision-ground chromed steel columns |
| Lifting Mechanism | Taiwan-made ST custom chain drive |
| Release Mechanism | Free-fall separation with minimal vibration |
| Height Measurement | Digital height indicator with rotary encoder tracking |
| Safety Features | Emergency stop, guard interlock, mechanical limit switches |