Spectroscopy Instruments
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Showing 721–750 of 1322 results
| Origin | Finland |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Origin Category | Imported |
| Model | MSHyperSIS-VNIR |
| Price Range | USD 14,000 – 43,000 (FOB) |
| Operating Principle | Push-broom scanning |
| Imaging Mode | 3D spatial-spectral data cube acquisition |
| Deployment Platform | Terrestrial (ground-based) |
| Spectral Range | 400–1000 nm |
| Spectral Resolution | 0.025 nm (FWHM) |
| Spatial Resolution | 1392 × 1040 pixels |
| Total Field of View (TFOV) | 5° |
| Instantaneous Field of View (IFOV) | 0.05° |
| Frame Rate | 25–120 fps |
| Standard Lens Focal Length | 17 mm |
| Vertical FOV | 40° |
| Horizontal FOV | 70° |
| Scan Speed | ≤100 images/s (CCD-dependent) |
| Brand | Thermo Fisher Scientific |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Manufacturer Type | Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) |
| Product Origin | Imported |
| Model | NanoDrop Eight |
| Optical Design | Dual-beam |
| Detector | CCD Array |
| Wavelength Range | 190–850 nm |
| Wavelength Automation | Fully Automatic |
| Spectral Bandwidth | ≤1.8 nm |
| Wavelength Accuracy | ±1 nm |
| Stray Light | ≤0.01% T |
| Brand | Metrohm |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Manufacturer | Metrohm AG |
| Instrument Type | Portable Handheld Raman Spectrometer |
| Spectral Range | 176–2500 cm⁻¹ |
| Excitation Wavelength | 1064 nm |
| Compliance | FDA 21 CFR Part 11, USP <858>, Ph. Eur. 2.2.48, JP 2.26, ChP 2020 Raman Spectroscopy General Chapter |
| Application Focus | GMP-compliant raw material identity testing (RMIT), incoming material verification, counterfeit detection |
| Brand | NCS |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Manufacturer | NCS (National Center for Steel & Iron Research) |
| Instrument Type | Floor-standing |
| Excitation Method | Spark Discharge |
| Detector Type | Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) |
| Focal Length | 750 mm |
| Grating Line Density | 2400 lines/mm |
| Wavelength Range | 120–800 nm |
| Number of Analytical Channels | 48 |
| Dispersion | 0.55 nm/mm (1st order), 0.275 nm/mm (2nd order) |
| Optical Resolution | < 0.01 nm |
| Selectable Spectral Lines | 240 |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 139 cm × 80 cm × 117 cm |
| Weight | ~400 kg |
| Power Supply | 220 V ±10%, Single-phase, 10 A, 2.5 kVA |
| Brand | NCS |
|---|---|
| Origin | Beijing, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) |
| Country of Origin | China |
| Model | OPA-1000 |
| Pricing | Upon Request |
| Brand | NCS (China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group) |
|---|---|
| Model | OPA-500 |
| Optical System | Czerny-Turner spectrometer with 500 mm focal length |
| Grating | 2700 lines/mm |
| Linear dispersion | 0.7407 nm/mm |
| Spectral resolution | ≤0.01 nm |
| Wavelength range | 160–650 nm |
| Excitation source | High-stability continuous spark source, no pre-burn required |
| Data acquisition rate | 100 kHz |
| Scanning platform | Siemens CNC-controlled 3-axis system (X: 360 mm, Y: 247 mm, Z: 350 mm) |
| Positioning accuracy (bidirectional) | X-axis ±0.016/±0.010 mm, Y/Z-axis ±0.012/±0.010 mm |
| Repeatability (bidirectional) | ±0.008/±0.006 mm (X/Y/Z) |
| Maximum scan area | 300 × 200 mm |
| Sample weight capacity (uniform load) | 200 kg |
| Compressed air requirement | 0.6 MPa |
| Power supply | 220 VAC ±10%, 50 Hz |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 1929 × 1428 × 2016 mm |
| Scan patterns | Rectangular, circular, cross (“rice”), sector, and custom-defined contours |
| Data interface | Ethernet |
| Software compliance | Supports audit trail, user access control, and electronic signature per FDA 21 CFR Part 11 requirements |
| Brand | NCS |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) |
| Instrument Type | Sequential Scanning ICP-OES |
| Detection Limit (Zn at 213.856 nm) | ≤0.003 µg/L |
| Precision (RSD) | ≤0.5% at 1 mg/L (n=10) |
| Short-term Stability (RSD) | ≤0.75% (500×LOD) |
| Long-term Stability (RSD) | ≤1.25% (500×LOD) |
| Wavelength Range | 165–800 nm (2400 g/mm grating) |
| Optical Resolution | ≤0.012 nm (2400 g/mm) |
| Brand | NCS |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) |
| Product Category | Domestic |
| Model | Plasma 2000 |
| Instrument Type | Full-Spectrum Direct-Reading ICP-OES |
| Detection Limit | Zn at 213.856 nm ≤ 0.003 mg/L |
| Repeatability | RSD ≤ 0.5% (1 mg/L, n = 10) |
| Short-Term Stability | RSD ≤ 0.5% (500 × LOD) |
| Long-Term Stability | RSD ≤ 1.0% (500 × LOD) |
| Wavelength Range | 165–950 nm |
| Optical Resolution | 0.007 nm (at 200 nm) |
| Brand | NCS |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Origin Category | Domestic |
| Model | Plasma 3000 |
| Instrument Type | Full-Spectrum Simultaneous ICP-OES |
| Detection Limit | Sub-ppt to ppt (ng/L–µg/L) |
| Precision | RSD ≤ 0.5% (1 mg/L, n = 10) |
| Short-Term Stability | RSD ≤ 0.5% (500×LOD) |
| Long-Term Stability | RSD ≤ 1.0% (4 h, 500×LOD) |
| Wavelength Range | 165–950 nm |
| Optical Resolution | 0.006 nm @ 200 nm |
| Brand | NCS |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Instrument Type | Benchtop |
| Excitation Method | Spark Discharge |
| Detector Type | Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) |
| Focal Length | 500 mm |
| Grating Groove Density | 2700 lines/mm |
| Wavelength Range | 160–500 nm |
| Number of Detection Channels | 128 |
| Power Supply | 220 V ±10%, Single-Phase, 10 A, 2.5 kVA |
| Weight | 80 kg |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 470 × 872 × 435 mm |
| CCD Pixel Count | 3648 + 46 |
| Pixel Size | 8 µm |
| Optical Design | Paschen–Runge Mount with Holographic Concave Grating |
| Spectral Resolution (Pixel Level) | 0.005926 nm |
| Linear Dispersion | 0.7407 nm/mm |
| Argon Consumption | 60 mL/min (Standby), Tidal Purge Mode Enabled |
| Brand | NCS (China Iron and Steel Research Institute Group) |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Instrument Type | Benchtop |
| Excitation Method | Spark Discharge |
| Detector Type | Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) |
| Focal Length | 500 mm |
| Grating Groove Density | 2700 lines/mm |
| Wavelength Range | 130–800 nm (enabling detection of N, Li, Na, K, and other elements) |
| Spectral Coverage | Full-spectrum acquisition |
| Pixel Array | 3648 + 46 pixels |
| Pixel Size | 8 µm |
| Optical Architecture | Paschen-Runge mounting with holographic concave grating |
| Temperature Stability | ±0.1 °C via integrated thermostatic shielding |
| Argon Consumption | 60 mL/min in standby mode |
| MTBF | >3000 hours |
| Dimensions (W×D×H) | 470 × 872 × 435 mm |
| Weight | 100 kg |
| Power Requirement | 220 V ±10%, single-phase, 10 A, 2.5 kVA |
| Brand | NCS |
|---|---|
| Origin | Jiangsu, China |
| Manufacturer Type | Direct Manufacturer |
| Instrument Type | Benchtop |
| Excitation Method | Spark Discharge |
| Detector Type | CMOS Array |
| Focal Length | 500 mm |
| Grating Groove Density | 2700 lines/mm |
| Wavelength Range | 130–800 nm |
| Power Supply | 220 V ±10%, Single-Phase, 10 A, 2.5 kVA |
| Weight | 100 kg |
| Argon Consumption (Standby) | 60 mL/min |
| Optical System | Paschen-Runge Mount with Holographic Grating |
| Temperature Control Precision | ±0.1 °C |
| Startup Time (Cold) | 30 min |
| Startup Time (Hot) | 5 min |
| Origin | Finland |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Origin Category | Imported |
| Model | N25E-SWIR |
| Price | Upon Request |
| Spectral Range | 1000–2500 nm |
| Spectral Resolution | 10 nm |
| Spectral Sampling Interval | 6.3 nm |
| Effective Slit Length | 9.6 mm |
| Optical Throughput Efficiency | >50% |
| Relative Aperture | f/2.0 |
| Slit Width | 30 µm |
| Stray Light Level | 0.5% |
| Detector Type | Mercury Cadmium Telluride (MCT) |
| Detector Cooling | Thermoelectric (TE) |
| Full-Frame Pixel Count | 320 × 256 (240 active rows) |
| Pixel Size | 30 × 30 µm |
| A/D Output | 14-bit |
| Dynamic Range | 800:1 |
| Frame Rate (Full Frame) | 100 fps |
| Exposure Time Range | 0.1–20 ms |
| Computer Interface | LVDS |
| Lens Mount | C-Mount |
| Brand | OBLF |
|---|---|
| Origin | Germany |
| Model | OBLF GS1000 II |
| Instrument Type | Floor-standing |
| Excitation Method | Spark |
| Detector Type | Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) |
| Focal Length | 500 mm |
| Grating Groove Density | 2700 lines/mm |
| Wavelength Range | 120–780 nm |
| Number of Channels | 32 |
| Origin | USA |
|---|---|
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Origin Category | Imported |
| Model | Blue Series |
| Spectral Range | 200–1100 nm |
| Detector | CCD (2048-pixel linear array) |
| Optical Resolution (FWHM) | 0.13–6.0 nm (dependent on grating and slit configuration) |
| Sensitivity | 100 photons/count at 400 nm |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | 1000:1 (full well, 1 s integration) |
| Dynamic Range | 2000:1 (6 decades) |
| Stray Light | <0.1% at 435 nm |
| Interface | USB 2.0, SMA905 fiber input, 16-bit ADC |
| Integration Time | 1 ms – 65 s |
| Grating Options | 300–2400 g/mm (holographic & ruled) |
| Slit Options | 14–200 µm |
| Focal Ratio | f/4 |
| Optical Design | Symmetric Czerny–Turner with crossed-beam geometry |
| Power Supply | <100 mA via USB port |
| Dimensions | 25.4 × 76.2 × 127 mm (1 × 3 × 5 in) |
| Weight | 397 g (14 oz) |
| Brand | Ocean Insight |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | FLAME-S / FLAME-T |
| Spectral Range | 190–1100 nm |
| Detector Type | CMOS (back-thinned or standard, model-dependent) |
| Optical Resolution (FWHM) | Configurable via slit width and grating selection |
| Sensitivity | Configuration-dependent (e.g., UV-enhanced or NIR-optimized) |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | 250:1 (full signal, 10 ms integration) |
| 300 | 1 (with on-chip binning) |
| Dynamic Range | 8.5 × 10⁷ (system, with 16-bit ADC and multi-integration) |
| Stray Light | <0.05% at 600 nm |
| Dimensions | 89.1 × 63.3 × 34.4 mm |
| Weight | 265 g |
| Interface | USB 2.0 (micro-B), no external power required |
| Operating Temperature | 0–40 °C |
| Thermal Drift | <0.03 nm/°C (typical, with onboard thermal stabilization) |
| Brand | Ocean Insight |
|---|---|
| Model | NIRQuest+ |
| Type | Portable Grating-Based Spectrometer |
| Wavelength Range | 900 nm – 2500 nm |
| Detector Cooling | Thermoelectric (TEC) to –20 °C |
| Dark Current | Low |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | High |
| Integration Time | Short (ms-scale typical) |
| Optical Compatibility | Fully compatible with Ocean Insight light sources, optical fibers, and sampling accessories |
| Configurations | NIRQuest+1.7 (900–1700 nm), NIRQuest+2.2 (900–2200 nm), NIRQuest+2.5 (900–2500 nm) |
| Compliance | Designed for GLP/GMP-aligned workflows |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | ACCULIBS 2500 |
| Instrument Type | Benchtop |
| Integration | Fully Integrated |
| Laser Wavelength | 1064 nm |
| Translation Stage Range | 50 × 50 × 20 mm |
| Positioning Accuracy | ≥1 μm |
| Wavelength Coverage | 180–1037 nm (configurable) |
| Optical Resolution | 0.1 nm (FWHM) |
| Minimum Integration Time | 1 ms |
| Trigger Jitter | ±10 ns |
| Trigger Delay Range | ±450 μs |
| Spectral Channels | 1–8 |
| Gas Control | Solenoid-Valve Actuated Enclosure |
| Imaging | Optional 2× or 5× magnification, fixed-focus optical path |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | ACCUMAN SR-510 Pro |
| Instrument Type | Portable/Handheld Raman Spectrometer |
| Spectral Range | 200–3900 cm⁻¹ (configurable) |
| Spectral Resolution | 4–12 cm⁻¹ (dependent on grating and spectral window) |
| Laser Wavelength | 785 nm ± 0.5 nm, linewidth < 2 cm⁻¹, frequency stability < 0.1 cm⁻¹ |
| Laser Power | Up to 350 mW, 10-step linear adjustment |
| Detector | TE-cooled back-illuminated thin CCD array |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | 1000:1 |
| Integration Time | 0.1–30 s |
| Display | 4.5″ 720p capacitive multi-touch LCD |
| Data Interfaces | USB 2.0, Wi-Fi |
| Battery Life | >5 hours (rechargeable Li-ion) |
| Weight | 330 g (handheld probe), 3.8 kg (main unit) |
| Dimensions | 15.5 × 7.4 × 2.5 cm (probe), 29 × 22 × 10 cm (unit) |
| Operating Temperature | 0–45 °C |
| Software Features | Fluorescence background subtraction, spectral similarity matching, quantitative modeling, PDF/CSV/TXT/JDX/RDB export |
| Compliance | ASTM E1840, ISO 8573-1 (for optical path integrity), GLP/GMP-ready audit trail in software log |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Model | FLAME-NIR |
| Type | Portable NIR Spectrometer |
| Wavelength Range | 950–1650 nm |
| Optical Resolution | ~10 nm FWHM (configuration-dependent) |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | 6000:1 (full signal) |
| Dynamic Range | 6000:1 |
| Integration Time | 1 ms – 65 s |
| Scan Rate | 400 spectra/s |
| Detector | Uncooled InGaAs linear array (128 pixels, 900–1700 nm response) |
| Dimensions | 89.1 × 63.3 × 34.4 mm (incl. feet) |
| Weight | 265 g |
| Interface | Micro-USB (plug-and-play) |
| Software Compatibility | OceanView, NIR Tools, and third-party chemometrics platforms (e.g., MATLAB, Python with Ocean SDK) |
| Compliance | CE, RoHS, FCC Class B |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Model | Flame-NIR+ |
| Type | Portable Spectrometer |
| Principle | Grating-based Scanning Spectroscopy |
| Wavelength Range | 970–1700 nm |
| Optical Resolution | ~10 nm FWHM (25 µm slit) |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | 6000:1 (full signal) |
| Dynamic Range | 6000:1 (single acquisition) |
| Thermal Drift | 0.08 nm/°C |
| Maximum Scan Rate | ~400 Hz |
| Integration Time | 1 ms – 45 s |
| Detector | Uncooled InGaAs linear array (128 pixels) |
| Dimensions | 89.1 × 63.3 × 31.9 mm (34.4 mm including feet) |
| Weight | 265 g |
| Interface | Micro-USB |
| Compliance | CE, RoHS, FCC Class B |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | FS1100 |
| Spectral Range | 300–1100 nm |
| Detector | CCD array |
| Optical Resolution (FWHM) | 1.3 nm |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | 450:1 |
| Dynamic Range | 8000:1 |
| Stray Light | <0.05% at 600 nm |
| Display | Monochrome e-ink screen |
| Battery | Removable 4200 mAh Li-ion, >6 h continuous operation |
| Interface | Android-based acquisition app + Windows-compatible spectral processing software |
| Data Export Formats | .txt, .csv, .m |
| Mounting | Adjustable tripod-compatible handle (29–88 cm height range) |
| Integrated features | Motorized shutter, auto-exposure, embedded image/audio annotation |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | FS1100 |
| Spectral Range | 300–1100 nm |
| Detector | CCD |
| Optical Resolution (FWHM) | 1.3 nm |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | 450:1 |
| Dynamic Range | 8000:1 |
| Stray Light | <0.05% at 600 nm |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Origin | Shanghai, China |
| Model | HR2000+ |
| Spectral Range | 200–1100 nm |
| Detector | Sony ILX511B linear CCD array (2048 pixels) |
| Optical Resolution (FWHM) | 0.035–6.8 nm |
| Sensitivity | 75 photons/count @ 400 nm |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | 250:1 (full signal) |
| Dynamic Range | 2 × 10⁸ (system) |
| 1300 | 1 (single acquisition) |
| Stray Light | <0.05% @ 600 nm |
| A/D Resolution | 14-bit |
| Integration Time | 1 ms – 65 s |
| Slit Options | 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, or 200 µm |
| Grating Options | 14 UV–NIR gratings including HC-1 for enhanced UV throughput |
| Optical Design | f/4 symmetrical crossed Czerny-Turner (101.6 mm focal length) |
| Interface | USB 2.0 (480 Mbps), RS-232 (115.2 kbaud), or Ethernet via Remora adapter |
| Trigger Modes | 4 hardware/software-selectable modes |
| Digital I/O | 10 programmable GPIO pins |
| Analog I/O | 1 × 13-bit input, 1 × 9-bit output |
| Dimensions | 148.6 × 104.8 × 45.1 mm |
| Weight | 570 g |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | HR4 Pro |
| Spectral Range | 190 nm – 1100 nm |
| Detector Type | CCD |
| Optical Resolution (FWHM) | 0.42 nm (typical), 0.72 nm (typical) |
| Sensitivity | 6 counts/photon |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | 250:1, 290:1, and 300:1 (full signal, configuration-dependent) |
| Dynamic Range | 1500:1, 2000:1, and 2500:1 (integration-time dependent) |
| Stray Light | <0.05% at 600 nm |
| Configuration Options | UV-Vis (200–875 nm), Vis-NIR (350–1025 nm), Full Range (200–1100 nm) |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | HR4000 |
| Optical Configuration | Single-beam |
| Detector | 3648-pixel linear CCD array |
| Wavelength Range | 200–1100 nm |
| Optical Resolution | ~1.0 nm FWHM |
| Slit Width | 25 µm |
| Grating | HC-1 holographic concave grating, 300 lines/mm |
| Stray Light | <0.05% at 600 nm |
| Focal Length | f/4, 101 mm |
| Dynamic Range | 2 × 10⁸ (system) |
| 2000 | 1 (single acquisition) |
| Data Transfer | 4 ms (USB 2.0 full spectrum) |
| Input/Output | 10 programmable GPIOs |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | HR4000CG-UV-NIR |
| Optical Architecture | Single-beam |
| Detector Type | Toshiba TCD1304AP CCD |
| Wavelength Range | 190–1100 nm |
| Grating | HC-1, 300 lines/mm |
| Slit Width | 5 µm |
| Optical Resolution (FWHM) | 0.75 nm |
| Stray Light | <0.05% at 600 nm |
| Integration Time | 4 ms–20 s (continuous) |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | 300:1 (full signal) |
| Dynamic Range (system) | 2×10⁹ |
| Interface | USB 2.0 (480 Mbps), RS-232 (2-wire), I²C |
| Operating Temperature | –10°C to +50°C |
| Storage Temperature | –30°C to +70°C |
| Humidity | 0–90% RH (non-condensing) |
| Dimensions | 148.6 × 104.8 × 45.1 mm |
| Weight | 0.57 kg |
| Fiber Connector | SMA 905 |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Model | HRS-5A |
| Type | Handheld Raman Spectrometer |
| Spectral Range | 200–3200 cm⁻¹ |
| Spectral Resolution | 15 cm⁻¹ (typical) |
| Excitation Wavelength | 785 ± 0.5 nm (linewidth < 0.1 nm) |
| Laser Power | 0–500 mW (continuously adjustable) |
| Spectral Repeatability | ±0.5 nm |
| Dimensions (L×W×H) | 180 × 85 × 30 mm (excl. probe extension) |
| Weight | 550 g |
| Operating Temperature | −10 to 50 °C |
| Storage Temperature | −20 to 60 °C |
| Relative Humidity | ≤90% (non-condensing) |
| Battery Life | ≥3.5 h (standard), ≥12 h (optional extended-life battery) |
| Local Storage Capacity | >1,000,000 spectra |
| Display | 1920 × 1080 capacitive touchscreen |
| Onboard Camera | 13 MP |
| Positioning | GPS/BeiDou/GLONASS + Wi-Fi/4G triangulation |
| Connectivity | Wi-Fi, 4G (SIM-card enabled), Micro-USB |
| Operating System | Android-based embedded platform |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Origin | USA |
| Manufacturer Type | Authorized Distributor |
| Instrument Type | Benchtop |
| Integration | Modular |
| Laser Wavelength | 1064 nm (Nd:YAG, optional 532 nm) |
| Laser Pulse Energy | 50–200 mJ |
| Spectral Range | 180–1037 nm |
| Channels | 1–8 configurable |
| Optical Resolution | 0.1 nm (FWHM) |
| Detector | Linear or Area CCD |
| Trigger Delay Accuracy | ±450 ns |
| Trigger Jitter | ±10 ns |
| Spot Size | ≤50 µm |
| Sample Max Dimensions | 30 × 30 × 20 mm |
| Sample Max Mass | 2 kg |
| XYZ Translation Stage Range | 60 × 60 × 60 mm |
| Plasma Emission Detection Sensitivity | ≥10 ppm (element-dependent) |
| Fiber Optic Coupling | UV-Enhanced Silica Fiber |
| Brand | Ocean Optics |
|---|---|
| Model | Maya2000 Pro |
| Spectral Range | 200–1100 nm |
| Detector Type | Back-Illuminated CCD |
| Optical Resolution | 0.07–6.7 nm (slit- and grating-dependent) |
| Signal-to-Noise Ratio | 450:1 |
| Dynamic Range | ~8000:1 |
| Stray Light | <0.05% at 600 nm, <0.10% at 435 nm |